Which factor does NOT contribute to social stratification?

The factor that does not contribute to social stratification is personal relationships. Social stratification refers to the way society is structured in terms of hierarchies based on various factors, such as wealth, power, and prestige. While personal relationships may influence individual social experiences or opportunities, they do not inherently define or reinforce stratification in a societal context.

In contrast, education level is a significant component of stratification because it often determines access to better job opportunities and higher income. Wealth distribution is a direct indicator of social class and affects overall quality of life and access to resources. Power dynamics are also crucial in stratifying society, as they determine who has influence and control over resources and decision-making processes. These elements are central to understanding how groups and individuals navigate their social positions and the inequalities that arise within a society.