In what way can sanctions shape behavior?

Sanctions can effectively shape behavior by reinforcing existing social norms. When individuals observe that certain behaviors are met with approval or disapproval—through rewards or punishments—they become more aware of the expected behaviors within their society. Positive sanctions, such as praise or rewards, encourage individuals to engage in behaviors aligned with societal norms, while negative sanctions, such as fines or social ostracism, discourage behaviors that deviate from those norms.

This process helps maintain social order, as individuals adjust their actions to align with the expectations set by their community. By consistently applying these sanctions, societies can ensure that individuals adhere more closely to shared values and practices, thereby fostering a more cohesive social environment.