What is an example of non-material culture?

Non-material culture refers to the intangible aspects of a culture, including beliefs, values, norms, customs, and institutions. Religious rituals are a prime example of non-material culture because they encompass the practices, spiritual beliefs, and symbolic meanings held by individuals and groups. These rituals reflect the moral and ethical frameworks of a culture, serving to reinforce community bonds and shared values.

In contrast, the other options represent material culture, which consists of tangible objects and physical artifacts created by a society. Clothing styles, architectural designs, and kitchen utensils are all physical items that can be observed and touched, categorizing them as material culture. While they may hold cultural significance, they do not embody the abstract, conceptual elements found in non-material culture. This distinction is essential for understanding how societies express their identity and maintain their social structures beyond the physical artifacts they produce.