What is meant by social stratification?

Social stratification refers to the hierarchical arrangement of individuals or groups within a society based on various factors such as wealth, power, prestige, or social status. This concept is essential in sociology as it helps to explain how resources and opportunities are distributed unequally among different groups. Each layer of stratification can lead to different life experiences, access to education, healthcare, and overall quality of life.

In this context, the correct understanding of social stratification recognizes that societies are not homogeneous; instead, they are characterized by differing levels of privilege and resources. This hierarchical structure can influence interpersonal relationships and societal dynamics significantly, shaping people's identities and societal roles.

In contrast, other definitions, such as equal distribution of wealth, focus on an ideal state rather than the reality of social organization. Similarly, ensuring everyone has similar power pertains to concepts of equality rather than the existing inequalities that stratification highlights. The process of cultural assimilation relates to how different cultures blend into one another, which doesn’t address the hierarchical aspect of stratification. Thus, the definition capturing the essence of social stratification accurately is the hierarchical arrangement of individuals or groups in society.