Which author suggests that middle-class parents foster individual talents leading to an "emerging set of entitlement" for their children?

The correct answer highlights the work of Lareau, who focuses on how middle-class parents engage in what she terms "concerted cultivation." This approach involves actively fostering their children's talents and skills, which can lead to a sense of entitlement among these children. Lareau argues that middle-class parents provide their children with various opportunities and resources, such as extracurricular activities and academic enrichment, which in turn instills a belief in their right to success and a voice in social situations. This phenomenon creates an emerging set of entitlements that contrasts with the experiences of working-class families, who may adopt a different parenting style known as "accomplishment of natural growth," where children are expected to be more independent.

In comparison to the other authors mentioned in the question, Lareau's work specifically addresses the dynamics of middle-class upbringing and the implications it has on children's perceptions of their own potential and societal status. This contrasts with the focuses of Pahl, Brannen, and Finch, whose works explore different aspects of family dynamics, economic relationships, and gender roles within family structures without centering on the concept of entitlement fostered through middle-class parenting strategies.